The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has issued a crucial advisory addressing the unauthorized use of liquid nitrogen in food items by various food-serving establishments. This includes restaurants, bars, caterers, and vendors at events such as fairs and weddings. Recently, there have been multiple instances of liquid nitrogen being employed to enhance the visual appeal and theatrical presentation of food items like ice creams, cocktails, meetha pan, biscuits, and desserts. However, the direct consumption of these nitrogen-infused foods has resulted in severe health issues and injuries. This advisory underscores the importance of adhering to FSSAI regulations to prevent such health risks and ensure consumer safety.
Understanding Liquid Nitrogen
Liquid nitrogen is a colorless, odorless gas or liquid commonly used as a freezing agent, propellant, packaging gas, and foaming agent. According to the Food Safety and Standards (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations, 2011, nitrogen (INS 941) is classified as a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) additive. Its use is specifically regulated and permitted in certain food categories under these regulations. Specifically, liquid nitrogen (INS 941) is allowed in dairy-based desserts like ice cream for the purpose of contact freezing and cooling, as outlined in Appendix C of the FSS (FPS&FA) Regulations, 2011.
Regulations and Compliance
The illicit use of liquid nitrogen directly at the point of serving or plating food items is not allowed, as this practice deviates from the intended technological use of the additive. The use of INS 941 for products that are prepared by adding liquid nitrogen immediately before consumption is not specified in the Food Safety and Standards regulations, which are designed to regulate its use during the manufacturing process only.
Health Risks
The direct consumption of liquid nitrogen-infused food can lead to severe health issues. Liquid nitrogen, when consumed, can cause damage to internal organs due to its extremely low temperature, leading to serious injuries. Therefore, its use in ways not specified by the regulations is considered non-compliant and poses significant health risks to consumers.
Enforcement and Penalties
Any violation of these regulations will result in statutory action against the food businesses involved. This action will be taken per the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, and the rules and regulations established under this Act. Food businesses are advised to adhere strictly to the regulations regarding the use of liquid nitrogen to ensure consumer safety and avoid legal consequences.
The Bottom Line
The unauthorized use of liquid nitrogen in food items at the point of serving or plating is strictly prohibited. Food businesses must comply with the regulations to prevent health hazards and ensure the safety of their consumers.
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